Taw qhia
Daim ntawv nco Nitinol xov hlautau revolutionized teb ntawm minimally invasive cov txheej txheem, muab cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas ua kom meej manipulation thiab xa mus rau hauv tib neeg lub cev. Nitinol, ib qho alloy ntawm npib tsib xee thiab titanium, nthuav tawm cov duab zoo kawg li nco thiab superelasticity, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho cov khoom siv kho mob siv hauv kev phais me me. Hauv qhov kev taw qhia no, peb yuav tshawb xyuas seb nws yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txhim kho cov txheej txheem phais mob me me, txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tus neeg mob, thiab txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho.
Kev phais tsawg kawg nkaus tau txais kev lees paub dav dav thiab muaj koob meej vim nws qhov zoo heev ntawm cov txheej txheem qhib kev phais. Nws koom nrog kev phais mob los ntawm kev phais me me uas siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab cov tswv yim, yog li txo qis kev raug mob, mob, caws pliav, thiab lub sijhawm rov qab los rau cov neeg mob. Lub hauv paus rau kev ua tiav ntawm kev phais mob me me yog kev txhim kho thiab siv cov cuab yeej kho mob tshiab, xws li nws, uas ua rau cov kws phais mob ua cov txheej txheem nyuaj nrog kev txhim kho qhov tseeb thiab ua tau zoo.
Nws muaj cov khoom siv thermomechanical tshwj xeeb uas tso cai rau lawv mus rau qhov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb thaum txias hauv qab qhov ntsuas kub tseem ceeb (theem martensitic) thiab rov qab mus rau lawv cov duab qub thaum kub siab tshaj qhov kub siab (theem austenitic). Qhov kev muaj peev xwm zoo tshaj plaws no ua rau Nitinol cov xaim xaim mus rau hauv cov kab me me rau kev ntxig los ntawm cov catheters nqaim lossis cov hlab ntsha thiab tom qab ntawd xa mus rau hauv lawv cov duab ua ntej ua haujlwm thaum mus txog qhov chaw xav tau hauv lub cev.
Vim li cas Nitinol siv los ua cov cuab yeej kho mob?
Daim ntawv nco Nitinol xov hlau, nickel-titanium ua ke, dai tawm hauv qhov chaw kho mob gadget tsim vim nws qhov txawv txav biocompatibility. Hauv kev sib piv rau cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv, nitinol nthuav tawm kev twv txiaj tsis zoo ntawm cov lus teb tsis zoo hauv tib neeg lub cev, daws nws qhov kev txiav txim siab zoo rau cov khoom siv, cov cuab yeej ceev faj, thiab lwm yam khoom siv kho mob.Nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv corrosion thiab nws cov xwm txheej tsis muaj tshuaj lom ntxiv txhim kho nws qhov tsim nyog. rau kev siv kho mob.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nitinol tuaj yeem ua tiav rau hauv cov xov hlau ultra-nplua nrog qhov tseeb, tso cai rau kev tsim cov khoom siv kho mob tsis zoo siv hauv kev phais me me.
Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm nitinol suav nrog kev tswj xyuas kom zoo tshaj kev kho cua sov thiab kev ua haujlwm txias, cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom zoo-tuning nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab kev hloov pauv kub. Qhov kev saib xyuas kom nthuav dav no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv nitinol nthuav tawm qhov tsim nyog resilience thiab yoog raws qhov xav tau rau kev phais. Los ntawm kev sib txuas cov hnyuv tom qab kev phais mus nrhiav cov qog nqaij hlav hauv lub mis, nitinol pom muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv kev kho mob, qhia txog nws txoj kev ua tau zoo thiab muaj peev xwm rau kev tsim kho tshiab ntxiv.
Nitinol yog dab tsi thiab nws siv hauv kev phais vascular thiab lwm yam kev siv?
Nitinol cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws dhau ntawm nws cov biocompatibility kom suav nrog cov duab nco thiab superelasticity, ua rau nws tseem ceeb hauv kev phais vascular thiab ntau yam kev siv kho mob. Coiled catheters, ntxiv dag zog nrog nitinol xov hlau, muaj qhov tshwj xeeb yooj yooj yim thiab raug, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau kev taug kev nyuaj vascular thaum phais. Lub superelasticity ntawm nitinol tso cai rau cov catheters ncab thiab rov qab mus rau lawv qhov qub, ua kom yooj yim maneuvers hauv lub cev.
Lwm qhov kev thov tseem ceeb ntawm nitinol hauv kev phais vascular yog kev tsim cov stents braided. Cov stents, ua los ntawm nitinol alloys, muab cov qauv kev txhawb nqa rau cov hlab ntsha uas tsis muaj zog lossis nqaim, rov ua kom cov ntshav txaus thiab txo cov mob xws li kab mob peripheral vascular. Nitinol qhov tshwj xeeb ua ke ntawm lub zog thiab elasticity ua kom cov stents tswj lawv cov duab thaum ua kom haum rau lub ntuj txav ntawm cov hlab ntsha, txhim kho lawv cov txiaj ntsig mus ntev.
Lub cim xeeb zoo li cas ntawm Nitinol?
Ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm nitinol lub functionality lus dag nws txawv tshaj plaw lub cim xeeb nyhuv, ib tug tshwm sim uas tso cai rau cov ntaub ntawv rov qab mus rau nws qub zoo li thaum cua sov. Cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb no tshwm sim los ntawm nitinol lub peev xwm los mus dhau qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv ntawm austenite thiab martensite theem. Thaum deformed ntawm qhov kub qis (theem martensitic), nitinol khaws nws cov duab hloov. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum cua sov saum nws qhov kev hloov pauv kub (theem austenitic), nws nrawm nrawm rov qab mus rau nws lub xeev pre-deformed, nthuav tawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws resilience thiab precision.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nitinol qhia tau hais tias superelasticity, ua rau nws tiv taus cov kab mob tseem ceeb yam tsis muaj deformation mus tas li. Cov yam ntxwv no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv daim ntawv thov kev kho mob uas cov cuab yeej siv yuav tsum taug qab cov txheej txheem anatomical nyuaj nrog kev raug mob tsawg. Hauv orthodontics, piv txwv li, nitinol xov hlau teb rau qhov hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, siv zog maj mam ntawm cov hniav kom pab txhawb kev rov zoo.
Xaus
Hauv kev xaus,zoo li nco nitinol xov hlauua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom cov txheej txheem phais mob me me, muab qhov tsis sib haum xeeb, biocompatibility, thiab precision. Los ntawm coiled catheters mus rau braided stents, nitinol-based kev kho mob cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa cov kws phais mob los ua cov kev cuam tshuam zoo nrog kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tus neeg mob. Raws li kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob hauv thaj tsam ntawm nitinol txuas ntxiv mus, peb tuaj yeem cia siab tias yuav muaj kev hloov kho tshiab ntxiv uas yuav rov txhais cov toj roob hauv pes ntawm cov tshuaj niaj hnub no, ua rau lub sijhawm muaj kev nyab xeeb dua, kev phais zoo dua.
Cov ntaub ntawv
- Davidson, P. Kovacs, www.freepatentsonline.com/5169597.html.
- http://www.nitinol.com/nitinol-university/nitinol-facts.
- Funakubo, Hiroyasu (1984), Shape memory alloys, University of Tokyo, pp. 7, 176.
- Pelton, UA; Russell, S. and DiCello, J. (2003), 'Lub cev metallurgy ntawm nitinol rau kev siv kho mob', JOM Journal of the Minerals, MeTranslation hom
