Nitinol alloyyog ib qho tshwj xeeb alloy uas tuaj yeem hloov kho nws cov yas deformation rau nws cov qauv qub ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Nws qhov kev nthuav dav yog ntau dua 20%, nws lub neej qaug zog nce mus txog 1 * 10 mus rau 7th lub zog, nws cov yam ntxwv damping yog 10 npaug siab dua li cov springs zoo tib yam, thiab nws cov corrosion kuj zoo dua li qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev kho mob stainless hlau tam sim no, yog li nws muaj peev xwm. ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm ntau yam engineering thiab Nws yog ib qho khoom siv zoo heev rau kev thov kev kho mob.
Ntxiv nrog rau nws cov cim cim xeeb muaj nuj nqi, nco alloys kuj muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo heev xws li hnav tsis kam, corrosion kuj, siab damping thiab superelasticity.
1. Kev ua tau zoo thiab nta:
(1) Theem transformation thiab cov khoom ntawm nitinol alloy:
Raws li lub npe qhia,nitinol alloyyog ib qho binary alloy tsim los ntawm nickel thiab titanium. Vim muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, muaj ob theem sib txawv ntawm cov qauv siv lead ua, uas yog austenite theem thiab martensite theem. Theem transformation sequence ntawm nickel-titanium alloy thaum txias yog niam txiv theem (austenite theem) - R theem - martensite theem. R theem yog rhombus-zoo li tus, thiab austenite nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev thaum kub siab (ntau tshaj qhov kub ntawm austenite pib) los yog thaum lub load raug tshem tawm (sab nraud quab yuam tshem tawm Deactivation). Nws yog cubic thiab nyuaj. Cov duab yog qhov ruaj khov. Lub sijhawm martensite yog lub xeev thaum qhov kub thiab txias (tsawg dua Mf: qhov kub ntawm qhov martensite xaus) los yog thaum nws yog loaded (activated los ntawm sab nraud quab yuam). Nws yog hexagonal, ductile, repeatable, tsis ruaj khov, thiab yooj yim rau Deformation.
2. Cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm nitinol alloy:
1). Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cim xeeb (shapeememory) Lub cim xeeb zoo yog thaum niam txiv theem ntawm qee cov duab txias los ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj Af mus rau qis dua Mf kub los ua martensite, lub martensite yog deformed ntawm qhov kub hauv qab Mf, thiab rhuab mus rau hauv qab ntawm Af kub. , nrog rau hauv kev hloov pauv hloov pauv, cov khoom yuav rov qab los rau nws cov duab hauv theem niam txiv. Qhov tseeb, qhov zoo ntawm lub cim xeeb yog ib qho thermally induced theem hloov txheej txheem ntawm Nitinol Alloy.
2). Superelasticity: Lub npe hu ua superelasticity yog hais txog qhov tshwm sim uas cov qauv tsim tawm ntau dua li qhov kev txwv elasticity nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm sab nraud quab yuam, thiab lub lim tuaj yeem rov qab tau thaum tshem tawm. Ntawd yog, nyob rau hauv lub xeev niam txiv theem, vim yog qhov kev ua ntawm kev ntxhov siab sab nraud, kev ntxhov siab vim kev hloov pauv martensitic tshwm sim, yog li cov alloy nthuav tawm kev coj tus cwj pwm txawv ntawm cov khoom siv zoo tib yam. Nws txoj kev txwv elastic yog ntau dua li cov ntaub ntawv zoo tib yam, thiab nws tsis ua raws li Tsov Gram txoj cai. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub cim xeeb zog, superelasticity tsis muaj thermal kev koom tes. Tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov, superelasticity txhais tau hais tias qhov kev nyuaj siab tsis nce nrog rau qhov nce ntawm strain nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam deformation ntau yam. Superelasticity tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg: linear superelasticity thiab nonlinear superelasticity. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev ntxhov siab-strain nkhaus ntawm yav dhau los, kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev ntxhov siab thiab kev nyuaj siab yog nyob ze rau linear. Nonlinear superelasticity yog hais txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ntxhov siab vim kev hloov pauv martensitic theem thiab nws cov theem rov qab hloov pauv raws li lub sijhawm thauj khoom thiab tshem tawm hauv qee qhov kub siab tshaj Af. Yog li ntawd, nonlinear superelasticity kuj hu ua theem transformation pseudoelasticity. Cov theem hloov pseudoelasticity ntawm nickel-titanium alloy tuaj yeem ncav cuag li 8%. Lub superelasticity ntawm Nitinol Alloy tuaj yeem hloov pauv nrog kev hloov pauv hauv kev kho cua sov. Thaum lub archwire yog rhuab tshaj 400ºC, lub superelasticity pib txo.
3). rhiab heev rau qhov kub thiab txias hloov nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav: kho lub hwj chim ntawm stainless hlau nyob ntawm tej thiab CoCr alloy hniav orthodontic nyob ntawm tej yog yeej tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Lub orthodontic quab yuam ntawm superelastic npib tsib xee-titanium alloy hniav orthodontic hlau hloov nrog kev hloov ntawm qhov ncauj qhov ntswg. Thaum tus nqi deformation yog tas li. Raws li qhov kub thiab txias nce, qhov kev kho quab yuam nce. Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tuaj yeem ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm cov hniav, vim tias qhov kub thiab txias hloov ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav yuav txhawb nqa cov ntshav ntws hauv cov cheeb tsam uas cov ntshav ntws tsis zoo vim capillary stagnation tshwm sim los ntawm cov cuab yeej orthodontic, kom cov hlwb kho. muaj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho thaum lub sijhawm txav ntawm cov hniav. Khaws nws qhov tseem ceeb thiab ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj. Orthodontists, ntawm qhov tod tes, tsis tuaj yeem tswj xyuas lossis ntsuas lub zog orthodontic hauv qhov ncauj ib puag ncig.
4). Anti-corrosion kev ua tau zoo: Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm nickel-titanium hlau zoo ib yam li cov hlau tsis muaj steel hlau.
5). Anti-toxicity: Nitinol Alloy muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb, uas yog, nws yog npib tsib xee-titanium thiab lwm yam atomic alloy, muaj li ntawm 50% npib tsib xee, thiab npib tsib xee paub tias yog carcinogenic thiab mob qog noj ntshav. Nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj xwm txheej, oxidation ntawm titanium nyob rau saum npoo txheej ua raws li ib tug barrier, ua Ni-Ti alloys muaj zoo biocompatibility. TiXOy thiab TixNiOy hauv txheej txheej tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov tso tawm Ni.
6). Lub zog me me: Tam sim no kev lag luam siv cov hniav orthodontic xov hlau xws li austenitic stainless hlau xaim, cobalt-chromium-nickel alloy hlau, npib tsib xee-chromium alloy hlau, Australian alloy hlau, kub alloy hlau thiab beta titanium alloy hlau. Load-displacement curves ntawm cov xov hlau orthodontic nyob rau hauv kev sim tensile thiab peb-point dabtsi yog khoov kuaj mob. Nitinol Alloy muaj qhov qis tshaj plaws thiab flattest unloading nkhaus platform, qhia tau hais tias nws muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo tshaj plaws rau lub sij hawm ntev thiab maj mam kho zog.
7). Zoo poob siab-absorbing zog: qhov ntau dua qhov kev co tshwm sim los ntawm zom thiab hmo ntuj sib tsoo rau archwire, ntau dua qhov kev puas tsuaj rau cov hauv paus hniav thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov sib txawv archwire attenuation thwmsim, nws tau pom tias qhov kev vibration amplitude ntawm stainless hlau hlau yog loj dua li ntawm superelastic nitinol hlau. Qhov pib vibration amplitude ntawm superelastic nitinol hlau tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm cov hlau stainless hlau. Qhov zoo vibration thiab shock-absorbing yam ntxwv ntawm archwire yog zoo rau cov hniav. Koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tseem ceeb heev, thiab cov kab ke ib txwm muaj xws li cov hlau tsis muaj steel hlau yuav ua rau cov hniav hauv paus resorption.
Yog li ntawd,Nitinol alloytuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm ntau yam engineering thiab kev siv kho mob thiab yog cov khoom siv ua haujlwm zoo heev.
