Nitinolyog cov khoom siv ntse nrog cov duab cim xeeb thiab superelasticity. Nws yog ib qho hlau uas muaj ob lub ntsiab lus, npib tsib xee (Ni) thiab titanium (Ti). Nws yog ib qho zoo li lub cim xeeb alloy nrog viscoplasticity thiab superelasticity. Nws cov nyhuv nco yog tshwm sim raws li cov duab propped los ntawm sab nraud quab yuam, thiab cov duab rov qab yog ua tiav los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub zog rov qab los, thaum nws cov nyhuv superelastic qhia tau hais tias nws tseem muaj peev xwm deformation zoo nyob rau hauv qhov kev ntxhov siab ntau tshaj nws elastic txwv, thiab nws rebound. degree tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 100%.
Dab tsi yog superelasticity ntawm nitinol yuav tsum ua nrog?
Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, lub superelasticity ntawm Nitinol alloy muaj feem xyuam rau nws cov qauv tsim. Nws yog tsim los ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus, npib tsib xee thiab titanium, thiab nws cov qauv siv lead ua yog cubic. Muaj ob theem ntawm qhov kub thiab txias: austenite thiab martensite. Thaum nws txias lawm, theem austenite yuav hloov mus rau theem martensite, ua rau lub cim xeeb. Thaum nws tshaj nws qhov Austenitizing Transformation Temperature, lub martensite theem yuav hloov mus rau austenite theem dua, thiab cov khoom yuav rov qab mus rau nws qub qub. Qhov kev hloov pauv no yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm lub voj voog angular ntawm electrons hauv cov hlau. Yog li ntawd, cov nyhuv nco thiab superelasticity yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm Ni-Ti.
Thib ob, Nitinol nco alloy yog cov qauv siv lead ua nrog crystallographic hierarchy. Nws yog tsim los ntawm microscopic lattice subcrystal units. Nws cov microstructure yog lub hauv paus ntawm nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab cov khoom tsim, thiab cuam tshuam los ntawm cov xwm txheej xws li theem hloov pauv kub, siv lead ua qauv, thiab lattice distortion, uas ua rau nws muaj superelasticity zoo. Thaum peb siv quab yuam rau cov hlau, nws interlaced microstructure uas captures dislocation distortion muab cov khoom nrog inherent siab elasticity. Yog li ntawd, nws cov microstructure muaj ib qho tseem ceeb heev cuam tshuam rau nws superelasticity.
Thaum kawg, superelasticity ntawm cov khoom siv nitinol kuj cuam tshuam los ntawm cov qauv siv lead ua. Vim tias cov siv lead ua alloy muaj cov qauv coj txawv txawv, cov qauv no ua rau nws tseem muaj peev xwm deformation zoo heev thaum nws dhau ntawm Kleeble elastic txwv ntawm cov khoom, thiab nws cov qib rov tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 100%, thiab cov qauv siv lead ua yuav hloov. txawv nrog cov txheej txheem sib txawv. Yog li ntawd, nws superelasticity yog ze ze rau nws cov qauv siv lead ua.
Yog li ntawd, lub superelasticity ntawmtshuaj nitrinolalloy yog ze ze rau nws cov qauv tsim, thiab nws muaj cov cuab yeej zoo heev thiab kev nco. Nws cov qauv lattice, cov qauv siv lead ua, cov khoom siv lead ua tsis xws luag thiab lwm yam muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv superelasticity. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev cai thiab nto engineering, nws cov kev ua tau zoo superelastic kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho ntxiv. Yog li, kawm txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov qauv tsim thiab superelasticity ntawm nickel-titanium alloy yog tus yuam sij rau kev txhim kho superelasticity ntawm nitinol.
